How to Frame a Wall (Step-by-Step Guide)

Step 1: Measure and mark the wall location

Accurate layout at this stage prevents framing issues later.

• Measure the wall length on the floor.
• Mark the wall position using chalk or pencil.
• Crucial: Confirm the wall is square with surrounding walls.

Step 2: Cut top and bottom plates

Plates are horizontal boards that hold studs in place.

• Cut one bottom plate (Sole plate).
• Cut two top plates (most walls use double top plates).
• Note: Plate length usually equals wall length.

Step 3: Mark stud layout on the plates

Place the top and bottom plates together on their flat sides and mark stud positions.

• Standard spacing: 16 inches on center.
• Alternative spacing: 24 inches on center.

Step 4: Cut wall studs to length

Stud length depends on ceiling height. Common precut stud lengths include:

• 92 5/8″ for 8 ft walls
• 104 5/8″ for 9 ft walls

👉 Check Wall Stud Sizes & Dimensions

Step 5: Assemble the wall frame on the floor

1. Lay bottom plate flat on the floor (edge up).
2. Position studs at marked locations.
3. Nail or screw studs through the plates.
4. Attach the first top plate only.

This creates a complete wall section before raising it.

Step 6: Frame doors and windows (if any)

Walls with openings always need extra studs:

• King studs (full height)
• Jack studs (support the header)
• Header (above the opening)

Step 7: Raise the wall and secure it

• Lift the wall into position.
• Align it with your chalk layout marks.
• Fasten the bottom plate to the floor.
• Attach the top plate to ceiling framing.
• Tip: Use a long level to ensure the wall is plumb (perfectly vertical).

Step 8: Add the second top plate

The second top plate overlaps corners and ties walls together for added strength. Nail it after the wall is standing and aligned.